IoT-DS-AI nexus proposed in this book offers crucial services not only for individual health management, but also for entire population. The technologies assisting in continuous health monitoring and management using IoT sensors, ambient devices, mobile applications, data analytics and artificial intelligence algorithms hold potential to offer services to the government and other policymakers of healthcare sector. The population health trends and disease risks can be communicated to authorities using centralized dashboards, which could assist in the policy making about conducting awareness/vaccination campaigns, allocating healthcare resources, etc. Many such applications were already witnessed during COVID-19 peak duration. Moreover, IoT, DS and AI techniques also provide an insight into the status of equipment and healthcare resources including workforce at each location. Using this information, the hospitals’ leadership and state-level policymakers can relocate or hire more staff member to ensure timely response to the patients, in order to improve overall service quality for the patients. This chapter presents a detailed discussion on the use of IoT, DS and AI for population health surveillance and resource optimization.