Notwithstanding the difficulty of assessing the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, within this book, I have tried to understand one specific part of the effect of POC mandates, which is whether UN efforts to protect civilians from violence makes peace more achievable or long-lasting. Based on my research, while the evidence shows a link between violence against civilians and the broader peace process, the extent to which UN POC activities facilitate peace is less clear, given its limitations in providing widespread protection and the lack of integration into a clear political strategy to guide protection activities. This chapter summarizes key findings from the research, provides corresponding policy recommendations, discusses limitations of the research, and suggests opportunities for future study.