Investment protection concerning environmental rights has become a pressing issue in global debates. Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) can contribute to environmental degradation, impacting local communities’ rights to a healthy environment. While FDIs are important for economic growth, they often surpass environmental sustainability, leading to pollution, tax evasion, and human rights violations. Countries may relax regulations to attract investment, further risking environmental protections. This chapter examines Tanzania's legal and regulatory frameworks governing investments, arguing that these laws are crucial for protecting the right to a clean and safe environment. It evaluates the effectiveness of these mechanisms in protecting the right to a healthy, clean and sustainable environment amidst economic development.