Glenoid bone loss is a common finding in cases of recurrent shoulder instability. It has been recognized as a risk factor for failure of standard soft tissue stabilization procedures. To overcome this problem, arthroscopic bone block procedure has been developed in order to allow arthroscopic bone grafting and concomitant soft tissue repair. The arthroscopic bone block procedure involves the placement of a tricortical bone graft on the anterior glenoid rim, followed by soft tissue fixation on the anteroinferior glenoid rim. The aim of the arthroscopic bone block procedure is to achieve anatomic reconstruction of the unstable shoulder by fixing both bony and soft tissue lesions, but complications or failure can occur. Failure of arthroscopic bone block procedures for shoulder instability can occur due to various reasons, like improper fixation of the bone graft. If the graft is not securely fixed to the glenoid rim, it may dislodge or fail heal and provide adequate stability. Moreover, failure can also occur if there is an insufficient soft tissue repair may, even if the bone block is successfully placed. Additionally, complications such as infection, graft resorption, graft nonunion, and hardware failure can determine the failure of arthroscopic bone block procedures. Areas of focus for future research include improving surgical techniques to easier arthroscopic bone grafting of the shoulder and developing new materials or graft options that promote bone integration and reduce bone resorption with sustainable costs.