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Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, yet its prognosis remains poor, particularly in cases of metastasis. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive overview of current biomarkers and the emerging applications of liquid biopsy in UM. We review the literature on circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and nucleic acids such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), highlighting their potential as biomarkers for disease onset, progression, and metastasis.

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Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma: Current and Emerging Applications

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Kyle Dickinson,
  • Ella Cloutier,
  • Julia V. Burnier

摘要

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, yet its prognosis remains poor, particularly in cases of metastasis. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive overview of current biomarkers and the emerging applications of liquid biopsy in UM. We review the literature on circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and nucleic acids such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), highlighting their potential as biomarkers for disease onset, progression, and metastasis.