This chapter investigates the intersection of sustainability and higher education (HE) in Algeria, focusing on the implementation of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) within the context of Algerian universities. The chapter examines how we approach the term sustainability in light of the nuanced concepts of its applications. It discusses sustainability in terms of meeting the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This chapter also serves as a reference point for the discussions in Chaps. 4 and 5 . Despite global calls for action, Algeria faces unique challenges in aligning its educational practices with sustainability objectives, hindered by socio-economic and political factors. It also explores the influence of government policies and centralised decision-making on the progress towards education for sustainable development (ESD). Additionally, the chapter explores innovative approaches from Gulf countries, highlighting successful models that Algeria can adapt to enhance its HE system. Ultimately, this analysis highlights the need for a contextualised approach that addresses Algeria’s specific needs and challenges, aiming to build a resilient and sustainable HE framework.