CCUS: Legal Developments, Policies, and Challenges
摘要
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is crucial for achieving climate goals and transitioning to a low-carbon economy. This paper examines the legal developments, policies, and challenges surrounding CCUS implementation. The authors outline key legal barriers, including frameworks to prevent CO2 leakage, property rights for subsurface spaces, long-term liability concerns, permitting processes, and competing subsurface resource rights. They review policy trends in the US, Canada, UK, and EU, highlighting tax incentives, public funding, and regulatory reforms supporting CCUS development. International cooperation efforts and the importance of knowledge sharing across jurisdictions are discussed. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, including developing comprehensive legal frameworks, investing in R&D, promoting public awareness, accessing funding, and establishing oversight committees. The authors argue that addressing these legal and policy challenges is essential for enabling large-scale CCUS deployment to meet climate goals.