This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of polyethylene (PE) and A2 type aluminum composite panel (ACP) using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis. The objective of this study is to investigate the thermal stability, chemical composition, and elemental distribution of these materials, which are widely used in various industries. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to assess the thermal degradation behavior of both polyethylene (PE) and fire retardant type (A2) of ACP. The obtained TGA curves revealed the weight loss patterns and decomposition temperatures of the samples. The results indicated that the A2 type ACP exhibited better thermal stability compared to PE, indicating its potential for fire retardant applications. FTIR spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the functional groups and molecular structure of the materials. The obtained spectra provided insights into the chemical bonds present in PE and A2 type ACP. Differences in absorption peaks and intensities between the two materials were observed, suggesting variations in their molecular compositions. EDXRF analysis was conducted to investigate the elemental composition and distribution within the samples. This non-destructive technique enabled the identification and quantification of elements present in both PE and A2 type ACP. The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the thermal and chemical properties of PE and A2. The findings can aid in the optimization of manufacturing processes, material selection, and product development in industries that utilize these materials. Additionally, the techniques employed in this research demonstrate their effectiveness in characterizing similar polymeric and composite materials for various applications.