Immanuel Kant did not solve the problem of reality, which is the foundation for the discourse on the subject-matter of psychology. Still, his reflections spawned an extensive and vivid controversy. Influential voices in this post-Kantian debate belong to the philosophical movement of Romanticism. Guided by the earliest critics of the Kantian approach like Heinrich Jacobi, Romanticism questions the concept of the Thing-in-Itself and opposes the search for principles of reason, embracing the infinite approximation of being instead. Carl Christian Erhard Schmid tried to transform Kant’s philosophy into a transcendental psychology which draws on anthropology. The poet and philosopher Novalis went even further by developing so-called magical idealism. In his writings, the idea of a new form of psychology emerges, namely Realpsychologie, which is immediately related to Franz von Baader. Baader’s Romanticist philosophy of nature entails psychological ideas and, together with Novalis, he forebodes a novel solution for the problem of reality: Ideal-realism. With it, the early Romanticists prepare and anticipate the discourse on reality of the following century.