This chapter presents an overview of Cellular Automata (CA) and their application in urban modelling. Starting from the theoretical foundations of CA, it illustrates how the original paradigm has been adapted for effectively simulating urban growth, land use changes, and urban sprawl. Key elements of the most common urban CA models are discussed, including their structure and functioning. The chapter also highlights some critical aspects of model implementation, particularly the importance of calibration and validation for accuracy and reliability. Finally, it outlines some future research directions, emphasizing technological advancements and new methods for enhancing CA’s impact in urban research and planning.