Reconstructing the Phantom: The Imagined Heritage of the Saxon Palace in Warsaw
摘要
By the decision of the Polish President, Andrzej Duda, in 2021, the Polish Minister of Culture, Sport and Heritage, Piotr Gliński, officially appointed a company (Pałac Saski, eng. The Saxon Palace) responsible for the reconstruction of the Saxon Palace in Warsaw. This neoclassical royal residence, originally designed in Baroque style, was destroyed after the Warsaw Uprising during World War II by the German army. The original palace was an impressive complex located in the historical centre of Warsaw. After World War I, a part of this site became a memorial to the Unknown Soldier. In 1939, the Palace was taken over by the German Wehrmacht and was eventually destroyed. The only part of the monumental complex that survived the explosion was the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, now the last permanent ruin of World War II in Warsaw. The recent decision on the reconstruction of the Palace has sparked heated political debates. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is an iconic site of memory to World War II; however, in the eyes of conservative-populist members of the Law and Justice party, the reconstruction would hold deeper significance: it would signalize Polish sovereignty, define Polish identity, have major architectural importance, and finally provide closure to the devastation and destruction caused by the German invasion. Drawing on the recent decision of the Polish government and the resulting plan to reconstruct the Saxon Palace destroyed during World War II, this chapter argues that the heritage values inscribed onto the Palace and its reconstruction are imagined political projections. Therefore, the case of the Saxon Palace serves as a complex example to discuss the populist use of heritage and post-conflict reconstruction.