This chapter presents the work of various archaeological learned societies during the time of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The importance of learned societies as a networking tool utilized by Yugoslav archaeologists in the development of the discipline in the former Yugoslavia is examined, followed by an overview of the development of learned societies before 1918. Finally, the chapter assesses the evolution of archaeology in Yugoslavia and its archaeological learned societies in the period between 1918 and 1941. The few unsuccessful attempts to merge divergent archaeological traditions into a coherent whole are also discussed. These attempts were mainly motivated by the desire to create a pan-Yugoslav archaeological society and scholarly network that could include all of the existing scholarly traditions.