Sicily was probably one of the most bombarded Italian regions, suffering much destruction in urban areas, ports, and infrastructure during the Second World War. Since archaeological sites and museums were in danger, national and regional authorities carried out essential plans to protect the island’s antiquities. In this context, archaeologists Pietro Griffo (1911–2007) and Jole Bovio Marconi (1897–1986) played essential roles in the protection of antiquities in Agrigento and Palermo. This chapter assesses the activity of Griffo and Bovio Marconi as primary actors in local, regional, and national networks, which comprised a series of units/members protecting antiquities during the war. These networks included safeguarding authorities, custodians, museum directors, workers, city mayors and military personnel. Griffo strongly opposed a series of unauthorized excavations and activities by the Italian army at Agrigento, which put archaeological buildings at serious risk. He was therefore part of a wider network that connected civilian and military authorities, which clashed with each other. In her role as the director of the Palermo Museum and superintendent, Bovio Marconi dealt with the construction of air raid shelters in archaeological urban areas. Thus, she operated within a civilian network, interacting with council, regional and state authorities.