Many Christians argue that Israel does not have an apartheid regime because (a) it differs from the South African context and (b) the category of race does not apply. Israel’s oppression of the Palestinians has history, it has context, and it meets the criteria of apartheid as defined in international law. Israel uses ethnic cleansing, occupation, settler colonialism, and apartheid as a body of tools to justify its ongoing imperialism in Palestine. This chapter considers scientific and theological arguments to highlight ecclesial differences and the implications for the integrity of the Christian faith.