Social and Gender Identity in the ‘New Fashion’ World: ‘Food and Beverage’ Made in Italy Television Commercials Year 2022
摘要
In 1961, Roland Barthes highlights a parallelism between food and fashion (R. Barthes, 1961). He states that food, same as fashion, is a symbol of society’s significance. Fashion and food are the two most evident and defined places of language and social culture. Barthes talks about food like a dress, like a garment, like an object of creativity and social conscience. He, for instance, describes the value of sugar in the culture of the United States of America. In ‘Mythologies’ (R. Barthes, 1957), he illustrates the role of wine, milk, steak, fried potatoes and ornamental cuisine. Three short essays that light up around like an intense lantern: ironic, cynical and exquisite. In the history of fashion photography, images of gender have constantly been anchored to a limited number of archetypes. According to Federica Muzzarelli (2013), these archetypes include those of the androgynous woman, of the exotic woman and of the femme fatale. Although they can be traced back to ancient myths and observed throughout the centuries (as shown in L. Nochlin’s Representing Women, 1999), these archetypes acquired distinctive and new iconographic shapes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As Aby Warburg’s achievements have shown (E. H. Gombrich, ed. 2003), in order to be aware of the role played by a specific iconographic custom in contemporary society, it is important to trace back its tradition. The iconographic and iconological method (E. Panofksy, ed. 1975) can certainly also be applied to images and videos of gender in contemporary society. Does the medium used affect the social significance of images? Has the so-called lo-fi digital media and the subsequent ‘Democratization of Fashion’ (N. Barile, 2011) changed gender iconography and experimented with new styles? Can we find new social identity representations in the television commercials of food and beverages made in Italy? What can we discover by looking at these commercials, starting from the E. Goffman’s work (Gender Advertisements, 1976)? My postdoc dissertation focuses on the social identity representation in the television commercials in Italy in 2022, particularly in the month of April. Here, I will present the results of my postdoc thesis on the representation of old—and maybe some also new?—social identities.