Rainwater harvesting presents a viable solution to address water scarcity challenges in arid regions such as Libya. This chapter explores the potential of rainwater harvesting in Libya, a country characterized by limited water resources due to low precipitation levels and reliance on finite water sources. Traditional methods such as rooftop collection and modern techniques, including dam construction offer opportunities to augment water resources sustainably. However, ensuring the safety and reliability of harvested rainwater is essential, necessitating comprehensive water quality testing and treatment protocols. Despite challenges such as low rainfall and high evaporation rates, innovative solutions based on modern technologies and sustainable practices can enhance water resilience. Selected case studies illustrate practical implementation and outcomes, providing valuable insights for plans. Recommendations include allocating resources for infrastructure development, educating communities, establishing water quality protocols, prioritizing dam construction, strengthening capacity, and formulating supportive policies. Through the implementation of these measures, Libya can effectively address water scarcity challenges and ensure water security for present and future generations.