AsBattery recycling the global shift towards a CO2-neutral society accelerates, the automobile industryIndustry is experiencing an exponential increase in the production of electric vehicles powered by lithiumLithium-ionLithium-ion battery batteriesBattery (LIBs). For a sustainable automobile and batteryBattery industryIndustry, the spent LiBsSpent lithium-ion batteries must be efficiently recycled in an environmental-friendly manner. Most of the current LiBs recyclingRecycling technologies have been focused on recovering valuable metals in the cathode materials such as cobalt and nickel. Attempts have been made in many projects to also recover the other components such as lithiumLithium, graphiteGraphite, and electrolyteElectrolyte. However, significant challenges remain, particularly in the recoveryRecovery of certain components and addressing environmental concerns, such as the formation of hazardous speciesHazardous species during the pre-treatment and processing of spent LIBsSpent lithium-ion batteries. This paper will explore the opportunities and challenges in the recyclingRecycling of spent LIBsSpent lithium-ion batteries, with an emphasis on pre-treatment and pyrometallurgical processing of spent LIBsSpent lithium-ion batteries.