This chapter highlights that multinational enterprises (MNEs), as key actors, play a significant role in reducing inequality through various mechanisms and strategies, including the supply chains that they create to support the activities involved in producing and delivering goods and services to consumers. Recent findings point to numerous benefits that blockchain technology may present to actors involved in supply chains (SCs), such as transparency, trust, and security. However, there are a number of insights regarding how the use of blockchain technology in supply chains generates other outcomes, such as the ones related to sustainable goals. Based on a critical evaluation, which considers both the functional and dysfunctional outcomes of such mechanisms, this chapter also sought to provide a promising research agenda for scholars that is likely to be highly important for policymakers, societies, and individuals.