Strabismus surgerySurgery, while commonly performed and generally safe, carries a spectrum of potential complications that range from minor and self-limiting to severe and sight-threatening. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of these complications, focusing on symptomatic outcomes that often necessitate medical or surgical intervention. Key topics include the definition and incidence of complications, with data from major studies, and a detailed discussion of both mild and severe postoperative issues. These include consecutive deviations, conjunctival and Tenon’s complications, globe perforation, infections, lost and slipped muscles, and adherence syndrome. Management strategies and preventative measures are discussed, emphasizing surgical approaches while also considering relevant nonsurgical interventions.