Nystagmus, characterizedStrabismus bySurgery involuntary eye movements, may necessitate surgical intervention to mitigate associated abnormal head posturesAbnormal head posture (AHP) and improve visual acuityVisual acuity. Historical pioneers like Anderson and Kestenbaum laid foundational principles for nystagmus surgeryNystagmus surgery. Modern surgical techniquesSurgical technique aim to move the eyes AWAY FROM the null point or IN THE DIRECTION of AHP, thereby enhancing visual function and alleviating head posture abnormalities. Surgical planningSurgical planning involves meticulous pre-operative assessment to determine the type and extent of surgerySurgery required. Surgical interventions may yield improvements in visual acuityVisual acuity and head posture. Integration of surgical procedures with strabismus correctionsStrabismus correction, particularly in cases of horizontal AHP and concurrent squint, presents nuanced challenges but offers potential synergistic benefits. Non-surgical interventions such as contact lenses and medications may complement surgical approaches, particularly in optimizing visual function. Despite advancements, counselling and consent processes underscore the importance of managing patient expectations regarding outcomes and potential risks. Understanding the interplay between eye movements, head posture, and surgical techniquesSurgical technique remains critical in achieving favourable outcomes for patients with nystagmus.