Climate change has triggered several abiotic factors which are negatively affecting plant growth, among them water scarcity is most important. Negative effects on vegetables production caused by water shortage are way higher than other abiotic factors and it is most detrimental for adequate plant functioning and growth. Due to burgeoning human population this increase in production is still not enough and diverse, as we are depending only on 200 major plants although, there are more than 400 thousand plant species in the world. Most of the studies in literature have been done on major cereals and vegetables like potato and tomato, however little emphasis has been given to the studies on neglected vegetables like onion, carrot, pepper, and leafy vegetables against abiotic stresses especially drought. Various molecular approaches including RNA-seq, QTLs, GWAS, NGS and others have the potential to help understand drought tolerance in vegetables and incorporate drought resistance in vegetables. In this chapter, we overviewed the drought related studies in major vegetables, furthermore we also highlighted the progress made in drought stress related studies in neglected vegetable plants.