Placental Microbiome and Intra-amniotic Infection

The unique placental microbiome resembles the microflora of the oral cavity and consists of non-pathogenic commensal microflora types: Firmicutes, Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Fusobacteria [1]. At the same time, these microorganisms, due to immunosuppression during pregnancy, may be etiological factors of ascending amniotic infection [2, 3]. Bacterial placentitis arising from hematogenous infection can be caused by coagulase-positive staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroids, Campylobacter fetus, Streptobacilli, Gardnerella [4, 5].