The aim of this study was to determine the influence of construction factors and the type of wood on the strength of wood adhesive joints. Two types of wood were used in the research: pine and oak with specific moisture content. The adhesive joints were made in three configurations: pine-pine, pine-oak and oak-oak. The wet samples showed a humidity level of 16–18%, and the dry samples showed a humidity level of 6–8%. Two types of the adhesives were used to make the adhesive joints: polyurethane adhesive (waterproof class D4) and adhesive based on polyvinyl acetate (waterproof class D3). The adhesive joints were made in 4 configurations: lap, wedge, oblique and butt. The adhesive joints were subjected to strength tests in accordance with the DIN EN 311 standard. Based on the test results, it can be seen that the oak adhesive joints (oak-oak configuration) were distinguished from other joints by their increased tensile strength. Moreover, in many cases, the strength of the adhesive joints made with the polyurethane adhesive is slightly higher than the strength of the adhesive joints made with the polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) adhesive. It was also noticed that the adhesive joints of wooden elements with a higher degree of humidity have better strength properties than those with a lower degree of humidity.