This chapter is an introductory overview of the occupational hazards of farming in the United States. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the diverse workforce demographics, workplace hazards, exposure risks, surveillance approaches, and data sources used primarily for monitoring the population health status of the agricultural workforce. Furthermore, it discusses the health and safety vulnerabilities of certain workgroups. The chapter concludes by discussing the hierarchy prevention approach for managing the inherent occupational hazards commonly encountered by workers in the farming environment.