Social media played a unique role in adolescent development and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. While in-person connections were limited, adolescents used these platforms to work through developmental tasks such as socializing with peers and exploring their identities. Adolescents also used these sites to cope with the stress and uncertainties of the pandemic. Emerging global research reveals nuanced associations in the ways adolescents used social media during the pandemic and outcomes related to their development and mental and physical health. This chapter discusses COVID-era research and guidelines for practitioners and caregivers, contextualized in the broader social media literature.