This chapter analyzes the relations between the European Union (UE) and Venezuela from 1999 to 2024. For this purpose, four stages are identified: (i) 1999–2013; (ii) 2014–2019; (iii) 2020–2022; and (iv) 2023–present. This timeframe covers the entire period of the self-designated political-ideological project Socialismo del siglo XXI in Venezuela. The main milestones and positions of (a) the European Council—highlighting the role of the High Representative and Vice President; (b) the European Parliament; and (c) the member countries are reviewed, as well as the positions of the leaders of the Venezuelan government and its institutions. The main conclusion points to 2024 will be a turning point in the framework of bilateral relations, which have deteriorated during the periods analyzed.

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EU-Venezuela Relations: Review of the Period 1999–2024

  • Andrea Mila-Maldonado

摘要

This chapter analyzes the relations between the European Union (UE) and Venezuela from 1999 to 2024. For this purpose, four stages are identified: (i) 1999–2013; (ii) 2014–2019; (iii) 2020–2022; and (iv) 2023–present. This timeframe covers the entire period of the self-designated political-ideological project Socialismo del siglo XXI in Venezuela. The main milestones and positions of (a) the European Council—highlighting the role of the High Representative and Vice President; (b) the European Parliament; and (c) the member countries are reviewed, as well as the positions of the leaders of the Venezuelan government and its institutions. The main conclusion points to 2024 will be a turning point in the framework of bilateral relations, which have deteriorated during the periods analyzed.