Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, remains a significant challenge in clinical practice due to its complex pathophysiology and high mortality rates. Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are critical to improving patient outcomes. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of recent technological advancements in the diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis. We explore novel biomarkers, molecular techniques, and cutting-edge diagnostic tools such as point-of-care testing, biosensors, and omics technologies. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in sepsis management, emphasizing their potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and predict patient prognosis. This chapter aims to elucidate the transformative impact of these advancements on sepsis care and outline future directions for research and clinical practice.