The emergence of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies drives the offering of non-ownership business models (NOBMs) in the mechanical engineering industry. In a NOBM mechanical engineering firms as machine providers maintain machine ownership and sell their customers only the machine use and/or performance. While literature has already discussed the influence of multiple individual contextual antecedents on the decision of mechanical engineering firms whether to offer NOBMs, little is known about the interplay of these antecedents. By drawing on 16 interview-based cases and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), we applied a configurational perspective and identified each two configurations of four key contextual antecedents (high digital service capabilities, high machine standardization, high share of large customers, and high market competition) that lead to presence or absence of NOBM offerings by mechanical engineering firms. Moreover, we used our case insights to discuss the interplay of these antecedents within the identified configurations.