Diptera-Cecidomyiidae represent the most specialized group of gall-inducing organisms, manipulating the structural, physiological, genetic, and chemical potentialities of their host plants to gall induction and development. During the development of dipteran galls, genes related to the cell cycle, cell wall composition, reactive oxygen species generation, and phytohormones, as well as those involved in floral development are upregulated. This process results in the formation of specialized tissues, which are compartmentalized based on their structural and functional roles. The outer tissue compartment typically consists of the epidermis or periderm, encompassing storage, mechanical, and vascular tissues. These tissues may serve as defense functions, support developmental processes, and facilitate the storage and transport of water and nutrients, as well as a suitable microenvironment for the survival of the inducer insects. Conversely, the typical nutritive tissue surrounding the larval chamber stores lipids, carbohydrates, and/or proteins in its protoplasm, along with reserve carbohydrates like xyloglucans and/or heteromannans in the cell walls, crucial for the nutrition of the gall inducers. The revisitation of different Diptera galls reaffirms the influence of host plant morphogenetical potentialities and host plant constraints (e.g., induction site and the age of the host organ), the galling insect (e.g., life cycle and sex of galling insects), and environmental conditions on the distinct structural and functional profiles of the galls. Looking forward, investigating the anatomical and genetic development of cell lines may shed light on the triggers underlying gall induction and development, as well as the metabolic functions of each tissue compartment.