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Acute respiratory failure is a major concern. The BLUE-protocol is a structured way to use lung ultrasound for diagnosing specific conditions. Based on the seven principles of lung ultrasound, it distinguishes locations (anterior versus posterior) and associates basic signs for diagnosing acute hemodynamic pulmonary edema (AHPE), pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, severe asthma, decompensated COPD and pneumothorax, mainly, with global accuracy >90%. AHPE is distinguished from pneumonia or ARDS. The focus is done on simple equipment and a simple use of the decision tree.

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Ultrasound Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Failure and the BLUE-Protocol

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Daniel A. Lichtenstein

摘要

Acute respiratory failure is a major concern. The BLUE-protocol is a structured way to use lung ultrasound for diagnosing specific conditions. Based on the seven principles of lung ultrasound, it distinguishes locations (anterior versus posterior) and associates basic signs for diagnosing acute hemodynamic pulmonary edema (AHPE), pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, severe asthma, decompensated COPD and pneumothorax, mainly, with global accuracy >90%. AHPE is distinguished from pneumonia or ARDS. The focus is done on simple equipment and a simple use of the decision tree.