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Hypertension (HTN) is a risk factor for stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney damage, and other health problems and a major cause of death worldwide. The global prevalence of HTN is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be approximately 1.3 billion adults aged 30–79, 2/3 of whom are in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, about one in five adults have their HTN under control, whereas for adults in LMICs, only one person in ten has controlled HTN. This chapter discusses WHO and other organizational approaches to diagnosing and managing HTN, focusing on programs targeting LMICs. The WHO HEARTS program is a technical package to help health workers improve cardiovascular health in primary health care through HTN detection and management. HEARTS has been implemented in more than 30 countries with sections on how to correctly measure blood pressure, and how to diagnose and treat HTN. Treatment protocols are provided, and there is also information on the WHO Essential Medicines List and WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable (PEN) Disease Interventions for Primary Health Care. At the organizational level, there is information on HTN tools and initiatives from the World Heart Federation, Resolve to Save Lives, and other groups.

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Global Programs and Outcomes in Arterial Hypertension Management in Countries with Developing Economies

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sidney C. Smith,
  • Kathryn A. Taubert

摘要

Hypertension (HTN) is a risk factor for stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney damage, and other health problems and a major cause of death worldwide. The global prevalence of HTN is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be approximately 1.3 billion adults aged 30–79, 2/3 of whom are in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, about one in five adults have their HTN under control, whereas for adults in LMICs, only one person in ten has controlled HTN. This chapter discusses WHO and other organizational approaches to diagnosing and managing HTN, focusing on programs targeting LMICs. The WHO HEARTS program is a technical package to help health workers improve cardiovascular health in primary health care through HTN detection and management. HEARTS has been implemented in more than 30 countries with sections on how to correctly measure blood pressure, and how to diagnose and treat HTN. Treatment protocols are provided, and there is also information on the WHO Essential Medicines List and WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable (PEN) Disease Interventions for Primary Health Care. At the organizational level, there is information on HTN tools and initiatives from the World Heart Federation, Resolve to Save Lives, and other groups.