This chapter explores the transformative potential of neurotechnology in restoring and enhancing human sensory and speech functions. It provides a brief overview of current advancements in neuroprosthetics, focusing on speech neuroprosthesis and sensory restoration, such as cochlear and retinal implants. The discussion extends to brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), highlighting the development of flexible BCIs capable of providing stable, long-term neural integration essential for both motor control and sensory feedback. Furthermore, the chapter introduces neuroenhancement where neurotechnology moves beyond therapeutic use to augment cognitive abilities in healthy individuals. Techniques such as artificial intelligence (AI)-driven BCIs and neurostimulation hold potential for enhancing memory, learning, and attention. Finally, the chapter also examines emerging concepts like memory and consciousness uploading, a speculative yet scientifically grounded frontier. These technologies aim to digitize human experiences, raising critical ethical and philosophical questions regarding identity, autonomy, and the nature of consciousness.