This chapter reviews how gender and energy research and practice has evolved and identifies some of the lessons we have learned in in terms of reaching the objective of generating a gender-just energy transition. What, how and when we count are important for ensuring we generate a gender-just energy transition. We also need to guard against making assumptions about the outcomes of energy access and technological interventions without understanding the context and verifying these assumptions theoretically or empirically. The body of empirical evidence related to gender and energy remains small and insufficient to make meaningful policy decisions. There needs to be more interdisciplinary research using mixed methods to improve our understanding of what works and what does not. Men as a group are rather missing as research subjects in the gender and energy nexus. They need to be involved in helping create gender equality in policy and practice so that it is not left as the sole responsibility of women.