This chapter examines two different aspects of the way that the energy system influences women’s capacity to earn an income: energy as an input into women’s enterprises and the energy sector as a source of employment either running energy enterprises or as employees. The evidence indicates that the energy sector could be more gender equitable and socially inclusive which is a universal commonality. Gender norms play a role in determining what is suitable work for women. Indeed, there is still a way to go in terms of meeting women’s aspirations to work in or their enterprises to benefit from the services energy enables.