Chest emergencies are common in children, and early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent potential complications. While imaging is essential in the diagnosis of most pediatric chest emergencies, the interpretation can be challenging as the same entities may vary in different pediatric age groups and are often different from adults. The choice of imaging techniques is an important part of management. Frontal and lateral plain radiographs remain the main initial imaging tool, while fluoroscopy and ultrasound can play a role in the workup of some chest emergencies and their complications. Computed tomography should be reserved for cases that require the highest imaging resolution. This chapter discusses the imaging features of most common pediatric chest emergencies, including infection, air leaks, foreign body aspiration, trauma, congenital abnormalities, and neoplasms. Familiarity with different thoracic emergencies in children of different ages and their radiological presentation will allow a prompt diagnosis.