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This chapter explores the pivotal role of Franco Basaglia in the “Psychiatric Revolution” in Italy during the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on the influence of Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy in his intellectual and professional endeavor. While much attention has been devoted to the influence that authors such as Foucault, Goffman, and Sartre exerted on Basaglia, the impact of Merleau-Ponty remains relatively underexamined. Our objective is to elucidate this impact. To this end, firstly we will explore the phenomenological roots of Basaglia’s work and, secondly, his application of Merleau-Ponty’s thought. We will concentrate on Basaglia’s Corpo Sguardo Silenzio [Body Gaze Silence] (Basaglia, 1965–2017); the analysis of this text allows us to understand how Basaglia integrated Merleau-Ponty’s concepts into psychiatric and clinical settings in an original manner, and how Merleau-Ponty has been essential for understanding the clinical encounter. To conclude, we demonstrate how Basaglia’s phenomenological approach informed his anti-institutional psychiatry stance. This perspective, often overlooked in phenomenological psychopathology, opens new avenues for exploration in the field.

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Basaglia Reader of Merleau-Ponty: The Encounter with the Other That Revolutionizes the Psychiatric Institution

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Eleonora Montagner

摘要

This chapter explores the pivotal role of Franco Basaglia in the “Psychiatric Revolution” in Italy during the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on the influence of Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy in his intellectual and professional endeavor. While much attention has been devoted to the influence that authors such as Foucault, Goffman, and Sartre exerted on Basaglia, the impact of Merleau-Ponty remains relatively underexamined. Our objective is to elucidate this impact. To this end, firstly we will explore the phenomenological roots of Basaglia’s work and, secondly, his application of Merleau-Ponty’s thought. We will concentrate on Basaglia’s Corpo Sguardo Silenzio [Body Gaze Silence] (Basaglia, 1965–2017); the analysis of this text allows us to understand how Basaglia integrated Merleau-Ponty’s concepts into psychiatric and clinical settings in an original manner, and how Merleau-Ponty has been essential for understanding the clinical encounter. To conclude, we demonstrate how Basaglia’s phenomenological approach informed his anti-institutional psychiatry stance. This perspective, often overlooked in phenomenological psychopathology, opens new avenues for exploration in the field.