Landslide is one of the most common disasters in the Himalayan terrain. The Himalaya is renowned for heavy rainfall during the monsoon. Due to the growth of population and developmental activities, people have a limited choice to construct the civil structures in safe places in the Himalayan region. Many village settlements are also situated on old landslide zones. These are prone to small/large landslide incidences causing damage to infrastructures and loss of lives. Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand in India is highly prone to landslide disasters, and it has witnessed a large number of disastrous landslides every year because of the climatic conditions, geological and structural frameworks. Rainfall-induced landslides are a prominent event in the Pithoragarh district. The present study of landslides has been carried out in seven villages of the Bangapani tehsil of Pithoragarh. During the year 2020, 17 people and 23 cattle were killed by the landslide disaster. In the last 50 years (from 1971 to 2020), 433 people and 248 cattle were killed by the landslide disaster, and almost all landslides are induced by rainfall/cloudburst. The study describes the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides. We have analyzed daily/monthly rainfall data for 2020, classified into pre-monsoon, during-monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter monsoon. Excess rainfall in the region makes it more susceptible to conditions for slope failure. The current study focuses on the actual causes of landslides in the area and estimates the damage at all locations. The rainfall records, structural data, surface geology, weathering, erosion, slope, aspect, and kinematic analysis have carried out systematic analyses for landslide occurrence. The study results describe how rainfall acts as the main triggering factor for the landslide. For analyzing all landslides, pre and post-monsoon satellite imagery of sentinel-2B has been used. The final output of the study indicates that landslides have been triggered during heavy rainfall in this region.

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Rainfall Induced Landslides in Bangapani Tehsil of Pithoragarh District, Kumaun Himalaya, India

  • Rahul Negi,
  • Pooja Saini,
  • R. A. Singh

摘要

Landslide is one of the most common disasters in the Himalayan terrain. The Himalaya is renowned for heavy rainfall during the monsoon. Due to the growth of population and developmental activities, people have a limited choice to construct the civil structures in safe places in the Himalayan region. Many village settlements are also situated on old landslide zones. These are prone to small/large landslide incidences causing damage to infrastructures and loss of lives. Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand in India is highly prone to landslide disasters, and it has witnessed a large number of disastrous landslides every year because of the climatic conditions, geological and structural frameworks. Rainfall-induced landslides are a prominent event in the Pithoragarh district. The present study of landslides has been carried out in seven villages of the Bangapani tehsil of Pithoragarh. During the year 2020, 17 people and 23 cattle were killed by the landslide disaster. In the last 50 years (from 1971 to 2020), 433 people and 248 cattle were killed by the landslide disaster, and almost all landslides are induced by rainfall/cloudburst. The study describes the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides. We have analyzed daily/monthly rainfall data for 2020, classified into pre-monsoon, during-monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter monsoon. Excess rainfall in the region makes it more susceptible to conditions for slope failure. The current study focuses on the actual causes of landslides in the area and estimates the damage at all locations. The rainfall records, structural data, surface geology, weathering, erosion, slope, aspect, and kinematic analysis have carried out systematic analyses for landslide occurrence. The study results describe how rainfall acts as the main triggering factor for the landslide. For analyzing all landslides, pre and post-monsoon satellite imagery of sentinel-2B has been used. The final output of the study indicates that landslides have been triggered during heavy rainfall in this region.