This paper compiles and analyzes laboratory test data of colluvial deposits from publicly available papers, creating a database that includes shear strength parameters, water content, degree of saturation, and particle size distribution. Using this database, we analyze the overall distribution patterns of shear strength for colluvial deposits and derive the probability density functions for cohesion and internal friction angle. Additionally, a comparative analysis is conducted between the shear strength distribution obtained from the database and the distribution probability density function of the sliding zone soil in Wanzhou District. Finally, the study examines how shear strength of colluvial deposits varies with water content, degree of saturation, soil density, and particle size distribution. The research findings provide fundamental support for the prevention and control of landslides in the colluvial deposits of southwestern China.