Verbena (Glandularia sp.) Breeding in Argentina
摘要
GlandulariaGlandularia genusGenus is an herbaceous pennenial plant that belongs to the Verbenaceae family. In Argentina we can find 36 speciesSpecies and one botanical varietyVariety . Although it is an american genusGenus, specimen of these plants has long been cultivatedCultivated throughout the world under the Verbena denomination even though they are two separate genera. Studies in the genusGenus have been done to demonstrate the compatibility between the speciesSpecies, but the geneticGenetic background of the cultivatedCultivated hybridsHybrid are difficult to determine because of the taxonomic controversy plus the occurrence of natural hybridsNatural hybrid in nature. The Instituto de Floricultura in Argentina (INTA) has developed the first GlandulariaGlandularia cultivarsCultivars from native germplasmGermplasm. Following the methodology of germplasmGermplasm collectionCollection, domesticationDomestication, characterization, crossing and selectionSelection of elite material and ending with the registration of cultivarsCultivars at the Instituto Nacional de Semillas, nowadays the national marketNational market has a supply of cultivarsCultivars with hardy and vigorous performance. Within the breedingBreeding process, biotechnologyBiotechnology tools have been used on the genusGenus at the Instituto de Floricultura of INTA. Studies in micropropagationMicropropagation, mutation breedingMutation breeding to obtain polyploidsPolyploids, and molecular markersMolecular markers have been done in the research of the genusGenus. This was useful to develop a traceability systemTraceability system with the aim to protect the geneticsGenetic of the cultivarsCultivars and to maintain plants free of viruses. Besides the cultivarsCultivars developed, the breedingBreeding in this genusGenus tends towards a compact plant form, a continuous floweringFlowering and heat toleranceTolerance. Beside GlandulariaGlandularia genusGenus used for ornamentalOrnamental purposes, it has a great potential to be used as a functional plantFunctional plant in agroecological crops because of its rusticityRusticity and affinity for attracting beneficial insects.