The incessant anthropogenic activities, such as fast urbanization and industrialization, population growth and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers, are deteriorating soil health, environmental quality and crop yield tremendously. Nanofertilizer (NF) is a novel approach for efficient utilization and cost minimizing approach to supplement fertilizer against the bulky use of synthetic chemical fertilizer for a greater improvement of agricultural productivity and crop quality while fostering soil biological activity and environmental sustainability. The controlled release of nanomaterials to the targeted site through soil or foliar application of NF can help plants to absorb them through roots or leaves. The smaller size and precise action of these materials can minimize nutrient loss and increase nutrient use efficiency. Nanomaterials undeniably exert a significant influence on soil health and agricultural productivity. This article aims to identify the impacts of nanomaterials on soil properties and high-quality crop production with a special focus on optimal soil health management for sustainable crop production.