BrailleÉcran: A Tangible Braille Approach for Smartphone Text Entry
摘要
Touch screens have made smartphones more dynamic but less accessible to visually impaired people due to the lack of a physical keyboard. This research aimed to develop a Braille-based text input method using a tactile interface on a touch screen, guided by W3C accessibility guidelines and input from a Braille-literate specialist. The result was BrailleÉcran, an Android app with a 3D-printable tactile interface, a customizable settings panel, and a spoken tutorial. Usability tests with ten volunteers showed a typing speed of 2.52 words per minute and an error rate of 2.68