Assessment and decision-making are fundamental human activities. Assessment helps to avoid repeating mistakes or wrong behaviors of the past. Decision-making is the process of choosing a solution among several alternatives, on the purpose of achieving the best possible result. Frequently, however, these two human activities take place under fuzzy conditions, due to the existence of incomplete or vague data. In such cases the traditional methods for performing them, which are based on principles of bivalent logic, are not sufficient for obtaining the required results. On the contrary, fuzzy sets and the related theories provide rich resources for this purpose, due to their property of introducing multiple truth values. In this Chapter we use neutrosophic triplets for assessment and parametric, multi-criteria decision-making. In the first case this is very useful for assessing the mean performance of a group when one is not sure of the creditability of the individual grades assigned to its members. In the second case, when some of the parameters involved are fuzzy, it helps to improve decisions made with an earlier method of Maji et al. (Comput. Math. Appl. 44:1077–1083, 2002) using soft sets. Practical applications are also presented to illustrate our outcomes.