Biomedical waste (BMW) is a category of waste generated in healthcare settings and industries within the healthcare sector, containing infectious and hazardous substances. It is identified, segregated, and treated scientifically. Responsible and sustainable management of BMW is a social and legal obligation for healthcare providers. The Biomedical Waste Management Rules of 2016 mandate healthcare facilities to implement appropriate processes to prevent harmful impacts on human health and the environment. Efficient management is crucial for promoting human well-being and environmental sustainability. Inadequate management can lead to contamination of water, air, and land resources. Prioritizing ecologically sustainable approaches and developing appropriate strategies for BMW removal is essential. Research and development efforts are also needed to create environment-friendly medical devices and implement efficient biomedical waste disposal systems. This chapter presents a methodical and evidence-based analysis of biomedical waste management, providing a comprehensive examination of the topic in a structured manner.