This chapter examines the evolving interplay between humans and technology, spotlighting transhumanism and human augmentation as key areas. It traces the development from basic tools to advanced digital systems, setting the stage for a deep dive into future technological trends. Central to the discussion is transhumanism, which advocates using technology to exceed our natural biological capabilities. The chapter critically assesses the ethical and societal implications of such enhancements, balancing the potential benefits against inherent risks. Human augmentation contemplates the increasingly blurred lines between human and machine, probing issues like identity and responsibility. By envisioning future directions for these technologies and their societal impact, this chapter will make an argument for reassessing the ontological framework for analyzing and understanding the relations between humans and technology. It underscores the importance of ethical governance, policymaking, and a deeper philosophical calibration in navigating this new frontier.