Lymphatics of the Face and the Scalp
摘要
The lymph nodes develop during fetal life after the development of the lymphatic plexus (Alex 2003). Two models, centrifugal and centripetal, have been proposed for the embryological origin of the lymphatic system (Ribatti and Crivellato 2010). The first model proposes that the lymphatics originate from the veins by sprouting (Ranvier 1895; Sabin 1909). The second describes the origin of the lymphatics from lymphatic progenitor cells, lymphangioblasts, in the early mesenchyme in the peripheral tissues (Huntington 1908; Kampmeier 1912). Evidence for dual origin has been published, from both the veins and the peripheral lymphoblasts (Wilting et al. 2006).