During the fourth week (days 28–29) of development, the first aortic arches develop from the paired dorsal aortae at the cranial ends of the primitive heart tube. Additional pairs develop in craniocaudal succession with subsequent remodeling to form the vasculature that will supply the head and neck. The dorsal aorta gives rise to dorsolateral intersegmental branches, called intersegmental arteries, which arise from the paraxial mesoderm and penetrate between the somite derivatives to supply each level (Schoenwolf et al. 2015).