Himalaya, Third Pole, is the largest water tower of Asia that provides 86,000,000 m3 of water annually feeding seven major rivers, namely Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra, Salween, Mekong, Yangtze and Huang, of the world ensuring round-the-year water to one billion people. The young Himalayan Mountain formed because of the collision of India and Eurasia PlatesEurasia plate since ~ 60 Ma after gaining appreciable elevation during Pleistocene became the abode of thousands of glaciers outside the polar region. The variation in the volume, covered area and frontal movement changes due to climate change coupled with various physical determinants of landscape are preserved in the geological records of the glacier valleys. The northwest HimalayaNorthwest himalaya in India comprising Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal PradeshHimachal pradesh and Uttarakhand are the focus here.

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Introduction

  • R. K. Ganjoo,
  • M. N. Koul

摘要

Himalaya, Third Pole, is the largest water tower of Asia that provides 86,000,000 m3 of water annually feeding seven major rivers, namely Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra, Salween, Mekong, Yangtze and Huang, of the world ensuring round-the-year water to one billion people. The young Himalayan Mountain formed because of the collision of India and Eurasia PlatesEurasia plate since ~ 60 Ma after gaining appreciable elevation during Pleistocene became the abode of thousands of glaciers outside the polar region. The variation in the volume, covered area and frontal movement changes due to climate change coupled with various physical determinants of landscape are preserved in the geological records of the glacier valleys. The northwest HimalayaNorthwest himalaya in India comprising Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal PradeshHimachal pradesh and Uttarakhand are the focus here.