Pelvic Fractures
摘要
• Pelvic fractures can range from benign findings found on imaging to ones that present with life-threatening, massive hemorrhage that can be very difficult to control. • There are four types of pelvic fractures which are named based on the mechanism of injury and direction of force (Young–Burgess Classification): – Anterior–posterior fractures (anterior force) – Lateral compression fractures (lateral force) – Vertical shear fractures – Combined mechanisms • Given the relationship of the vasculature to the bony pelvis and the force required to cause a pelvic fracture, one must always consider life-threatening hemorrhage as a possibility when a pelvic fracture is encountered. • It is imperative to determine whether there is a pelvic injury during the initial trauma primary survey. • Anticipating organs that can be damaged when pelvic fractures are seen usually include the liver, small bowel, colon, urinary bladder, urethra, and spleen. • Management ranges from observation to extrinsic compression with a pelvic binder, angioembolization, external fixation, preperitoneal packing, and laparotomy.