In Chap. 11, we showed how to implement a qubit using electron spin on a silicon substrate. We also demonstrated how to initialize and measure a qubit. In this chapter, we will study how to perform a universal 1-qubit gate and a 2-qubit entanglement gate to fulfill the last two DiVincenzo’s criteria. In Chap. 10, we showed that by applying a vertical DC magnetic field and a rotating horizontal magnetic field and then working in the rotating frame, we would be able to rotate any state on the Bloch sphere about any vector. This allows us to build a universal 1-qubit gate. However, in the literature, many silicon qubits are still implemented with the setup in Chap. 9 which means that the qubit is placed in a vertical DC magnetic field and a perturbating and linearly oscillating horizontal magnetic field. This is what we will use in this chapter. We will first summarize an experimental paper on how it implements a 1-qubit gate. Then we will discuss the implementation of a 2-qubit entanglement gate with an example.

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Electron Spin Qubit in Semiconductor—1-Qubit and 2-Qubit Gates

  • Hiu Yung Wong

摘要

In Chap. 11, we showed how to implement a qubit using electron spin on a silicon substrate. We also demonstrated how to initialize and measure a qubit. In this chapter, we will study how to perform a universal 1-qubit gate and a 2-qubit entanglement gate to fulfill the last two DiVincenzo’s criteria. In Chap. 10, we showed that by applying a vertical DC magnetic field and a rotating horizontal magnetic field and then working in the rotating frame, we would be able to rotate any state on the Bloch sphere about any vector. This allows us to build a universal 1-qubit gate. However, in the literature, many silicon qubits are still implemented with the setup in Chap. 9 which means that the qubit is placed in a vertical DC magnetic field and a perturbating and linearly oscillating horizontal magnetic field. This is what we will use in this chapter. We will first summarize an experimental paper on how it implements a 1-qubit gate. Then we will discuss the implementation of a 2-qubit entanglement gate with an example.