Vulvitis and vaginitis are inflammatory conditions of the vulva or vagina that frequently present with symptoms such as pruritus, burning, edema, erythema, and increased discharge. The etiology of these conditions is multifactorial, including infections (such as candidosis), allergies, inadequate hygiene, or dermatoses. A comprehensive medical history and thorough examination are essential for accurate diagnosis, enabling appropriate treatment initiation according to the underlying cause. Emphasis should be placed on correctly diagnosing infections and considering the management of immune disorders, as in many cases, only symptomatic relief is possible. It is recommended that preventive measures be integrated into sex education curricula, particularly focusing on painful conditions such as genital herpes, bartholinitis, and noninfectious causes like lichen sclerosus. In cases of genital discharge, precise etiological determination is important, as symptoms may range from individual hygiene to specific infectious agents.